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Determination of heterotic groups for tropical Indica hybrid rice germplasm

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Two heterotic groups and four heterotic patterns were identified for IRRI hybrid rice germplasm to develop hybrid rice in the tropics based on SSR molecular data and field trials.

Abstract

Information on heterotic groups and patterns is a fundamental prerequisite for hybrid crop breeding; however, no such clear information is available for tropical hybrid rice breeding after more than 30 years of hybrid rice commercialization. Based on a study of genetic diversity using molecular markers, 18 parents representing hybrid rice populations historically developed at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) were selected to form diallel crosses of hybrids and were evaluated in tropical environments. Yield, yield heterosis and combining ability were investigated with the main objectives of (1) evaluating the magnitude of yield heterosis among marker-based parental groups, (2) examining the consistency between marker-based group and heterotic performance of hybrids, and (3) identifying foundational hybrid parents in discrete germplasm pools to provide a reference for tropical indica hybrid rice breeding. Significant differences in yield, yield heterosis and combining ability were detected among parents and among hybrids. On average, the hybrids yielded 14.8 % higher than the parents. Results revealed that inter-group hybrids yielded higher, with higher yield heterosis than intra-group hybrids. Four heterotic patterns within two heterotic groups based on current IRRI B- and R-line germplasm were identified. Parents in two marker-based groups were identified with limited breeding value among current IRRI hybrid rice germplasm because of their lowest contribution to heterotic hybrids. Heterotic hybrids are significantly correlated with high-yielding parents. The efficiency of breeding heterotic hybrids could be enhanced using selected parents within identified marker-based heterotic groups. This information is useful for exploiting those widely distributed IRRI hybrid rice parents.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank T. Lomas and his team from Pioneer Overseas Corporation for conducting the SSR genotyping, and Pioneer Overseas Corporation for providing full support for field trials at General Santos, Philippines and Hyderabad, India. We are grateful to D. Byron from Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., for his critical reading and H. Bill from IRRI for editing of the manuscript. This research was supported by the IRRI-Pioneer Scientific Knowledge Exchange Program (SKEP) and the China Scholarship Council (Grant No. 2009325011).

Conflict of interest

This research has no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

    Fangming Xie, Zhizhou He, Manuel Q. Esguerra & Fulin Qiu

  2. Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, Hainan, China

    Zhizhou He

  3. Louisiana State University, 104 M.B. Sturgis Hall, Tower Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA

    Manuel Q. Esguerra

  4. Pioneer Overseas Corporation, 3rd Floor, Bab Mill Center, #6-3-1009/1100, Rajbhavan Road, Hyderabad, 500082, India

    Vairamani Ramanathan

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  1. Fangming Xie
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  2. Zhizhou He
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  3. Manuel Q. Esguerra
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  4. Fulin Qiu
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  5. Vairamani Ramanathan
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Correspondence to Fangming Xie.

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Communicated by T. H. Tai.

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Xie, F., He, Z., Esguerra, M.Q. et al. Determination of heterotic groups for tropical Indica hybrid rice germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 127, 407–417 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-013-2227-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-013-2227-1

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