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A dealloying approach to synthesizing micro-sized porous tin (Sn) from immiscible alloy systems for potential lithium-ion battery anode applications

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Abstract

Dealloying is a useful approach to producing micro/nanoporous metallic materials and has been applied to the synthesis of porous noble metals such as Au, Ag, Pt and Pd from various forms of precursor materials (e.g. amorphous, solid solution, or intermetallic compound). This study shows that dealloying can also be used to fabricate porous non-noble metals like tin (Sn) from immiscible Al–Sn alloys of Al80Sn20, Al65Sn35 and Al50Sn50 (in at.% throughout the paper). The as-dealloyed porous Sn samples showed a three-dimensionally continuous porous structure throughout each sample and sufficient mechanical integrity for assembly in lithium ion battery cells as anodes. The average pore size depends on the size of the Al phase in each precursor alloy and falls in the range of 1.58 ± 0.26 to 4.09 ± 0.85 μm with respect to the three precursor alloys used. The resulting porous Sn structures can be controlled through changing the microstructure of the precursor alloy. The as-dealloyed porous Sn anode showed an outstanding initial charging-discharging capacity and a high coulombic efficiency in lithium ion battery performance tests.

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Acknowledgments

T. Song acknowledges the support of the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for a CSC PhD Scholarship and the support of RMIT University for a fee waiver scholarship. The battery performance tests were carried out in the College of Materials Science and Engineering of Sichuan University, China. The authors thank Professor Yungui Chen for the provision of the experimental facilities. Useful comments and suggestions from the reviewers are acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Centre for Additive Manufacturing, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Tingting Song, Ming Yan & Ma Qian

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China

    Ming Yan

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  1. Tingting Song
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  2. Ming Yan
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  3. Ma Qian
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Correspondence to Ma Qian.

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Song, T., Yan, M. & Qian, M. A dealloying approach to synthesizing micro-sized porous tin (Sn) from immiscible alloy systems for potential lithium-ion battery anode applications. J Porous Mater 22, 713–719 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-015-9944-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-015-9944-6

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