Acrylic Acid-Allylpolyethoxy Carboxylate Copolymer Dispersant for Calcium Carbonate and Iron(III) Hydroxide Scales in Cooling Water Systems

Guangqing Liu; Jingyi Huang; Yuming Zhou; Qingzhao Yao; Lei Ling; Peixin Zhang; Change Fu; Wendao Wu; Wei Sun; Zhengjun Hu

doi:10.3139/113.110185

Published by De Gruyter March 1, 2013

Acrylic Acid-Allylpolyethoxy Carboxylate Copolymer Dispersant for Calcium Carbonate and Iron(III) Hydroxide Scales in Cooling Water Systems

Acrylsäure-Allylpolyethoxicarboxilat-Copolymedispergatoren für Ablagerungen von Calciumcarbonat und Eisen(II)-hydroxid in Kühlwassersystemen

Guangqing Liu , Jingyi Huang , Yuming Zhou , Qingzhao Yao , Lei Ling , Peixin Zhang , Change Fu , Wendao Wu , Wei Sun and Zhengjun Hu

From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents

https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110185

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Abstract

A novel environmentally friendly type of calcium carbonate and iron(III) scale inhibitor (ALn) was synthesized. The anti-scale property of the Acrylic acid-allylpolyethoxy carboxylate copolymer (AA-APELn or ALn) towards CaCO₃ and iron(III) in the artificial cooling water was studied through static scale inhibition tests. The observation shows that both calcium carbonate and iron(III) inhibition increase with increasing the degree of polymerization of ALn from 5 to 15, and the dosage of ALn plays an important role on calcium carbonate and iron(III)-inhibition. The effect on formation of CaCO₃ was investigated with a combination of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, respectively. The results showed that the ALn copolymer not only influences calcium carbonate crystal morphology and crystal size but also the crystallinity. The crystallization of CaCO₃ in the absence of inhibitor was rhombohedral calcite crystal, whereas a mixture of calcite with vaterite crystals was found in the presence of the ALn copolymer. Inhibition mechanism is proposed that the interactions between calcium or iron ions and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are the fundamental impetus to restrain the formation of the scale in cooling water systems.

Kurzfassung

Ein neuer, umweltfreundlicher Inhibitor für Ablagerungen von Calciumcarbonat und Eisen(III)-hydroxid (ALn) wurde synthetisiert. Die Entkalkungseigenschaften des Acrylsäure-Allylpolyethoxicarboxilat-Copolymers (AA-APELn oder ALn) gegenüber Calciumcarbonat und Eisen(III)hydroxid in künstlichem Kühlwasser wurde mit Hilfe statischen Entkalker-Tests untersucht. Es wurde beobachtet, dass die Hemmung der Calciumcarbonat- und der Eisen(III)-hydroxid-Entstehung mit steigendem Grad der Polymerisierung des ALn von 5 nach 15 zunimmt. Ebenso hat die Dosierung des ALn eine große Bedeutung auf die Vermeidung der Calciumcarbonat- und Eisen(III)hydroxid-Entstehung. Der Einfluss auf die Bildung von CaCO₃ wurde mit Hilfe der kombinierten Verfahren Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM), Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM), Röntgenbeugungsanalyse (XRD) und Fouriertransformspektrometrie (FTIR) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das ALn-Copolymer nicht nur die Kristallmorphologie und die Kristallgröße des Calciumcarbonats beeinflusst, sondern auch die Kristallinität. Erfolgt die Kristallisierung von CaCO₃ in Abwesenheit des Inhibitors, so entsteht das rhomboedrische Calcit. In Gegenwart des ALn-Copolymers wird ein Mischkristall aus Calcit und Vaterit gebildet. Beim vorgeschlagenen Inhibierungsmechanismus sind die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Calcium- bzw. Eisenionen und dem Polyethylenglykol (PEG) die grundlegende Kraft, um die Bildung von Ablagerungen in Kühlwassersystemem zu beschränken.

Key words:: Scale inhibitor; environmentally friendly; calcium carbonate; disperse iron(III) hydroxide; cooling water systems

Stichwörter:: Kalkinhibitor; umweltfreundlich; Calciumcarbonat; disperses Eisen(III)hydroxid; Kühlwassersysteme

³ Prof. Yuming Zhou, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China. E-mail: ymzhou@seu.edu.cn

Guangqing Liu was born in 1979. He is a doctoral student at Southeast University. His main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Prof. Yuming Zhou was born in 1964. He graduated from Nanjing University in 1986. He obtained his PhD in Department of Biomedical Southeast University. His research interests lie in organic material, fine chemicals and environmental protection. At the moment is associate dean of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University.

Jingyi Huang was born in 1976. She is a teacher at Southeast University. Her main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Qingzhao Yao was born in 1973. She is a associate professor at Southeast University. Her main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Lei Ling was born in 1987. He is a postgraduate at Southeast University. His main scientific interest has been the synthesis and properties of environment friendly materials.

Peixin Zhang was born in 1966. He is a doctoral student at Southeast University. His main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Change Fu was born in 1971. She is a doctoral student at Southeast University. She obtained her master degree in Hunan University. Her main field of research is applications of water soluble polymers in industrial water systems and green chemical.

Wei Sun was born in 1979. He received his bachelor degree in applied chemical from Nanjing University in 2004. He is now working at Jiangsu Jianghai Chemical Co., Ltd., Changzhou China. His main field of research is synthesis and application of surfactants.

Wendao Wu was born in 1985. He received his bachelor degree in applied chemical from Southeast University in 2008. He is now working at Jiangsu Jianghai Chemical Co., Ltd., Changzhou. His field of research is synthesis and application of surfactants.

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Received: 2011-09-28

Revised: 2011-12-26

Published Online: 2013-03-01

Published in Print: 2012-05-01

Acrylic Acid-Allylpolyethoxy Carboxylate Copolymer Dispersant for Calcium Carbonate and Iron(III) Hydroxide Scales in Cooling Water Systems

Abstract

Kurzfassung

References

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